Crusher



Des. 24, 1935. F. J. STRAUB ZQZEfiZB CRUSHER Filed Sept. 1, 1933 2Sheets-Shet 1 INVENTOR.

f i'mdnza A TTORAVEK F. J. STRAUB CRUSHER Filed Sept. 1, 1955 2Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. lyfl/ A TTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 24, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5 Claims.

My invention refers to improvements in crushers for various minerals andthe like. It is especially adapted to reduce the larger pieces ofclinker of a mass of cinders or other material in preparation for use asan aggregate in the making of building block etc. or for any similarpurpose.

Ordinarily, such material is reduced to usable sizes by passing itvertically between a pair of crushing rolls horizontally opposite eachother and usually of the same size, of either smooth or corrugatedperipheral contour. With such rolls, arranged to act on a verticallymoving mass, the crushing operation is generally satisfactory exceptwhere occasionally interrupted by a piece or pieces of abnormally largesize or hardness, which the rolls fail to reduce, causing jamming andstoppage of the operation.

Usually, in such cases, it is necessary to either remove such pieces, orto crush them manually by means of a bar or the like, introduced betweenthe rolls until thelump is reduced sufiiciently to pass through. Suchoperations are apt to delay the'progress of or 'to damage the plant andare furthermore extremely dangerous to the operator, resulting inaccident and bodily harm.

In my invention I overcome these disadvantages and effect continuouscrushing of the larger pieces of material by means of a main feeding andcrushing roll and a co-operating crushing roll arrangedto operatetherewith adjacent the top of the main roll, and so mounted as toconstantly' vary its annular and radial relation thereto.

The main roll in such arrangement constitutes primarily a conveyor forthe material, introducing it at the operative location between itselfand the co-operating roll whereby such roll, due to its relativemovements, not only exerts crushing action on the intervening material,but also tends to dislodge and constantly change the position of largerpieces or lumps, enabling them to pass between rolls with subjection tocrushing pressure.

While the invention may be embodied in various constructions, Iillustrate one preferred form in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a View in side elevation, showing my improved crusher, asinstalled;

Fig. 2 is a part sectional detail View showing the crushing rolls inaction;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the combination with the main rollof a pair of cooperating rolls;

Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the apparatus, enlarged;

Fig. 5 is a side view in elevation showing the superimposed feedinghopper in section.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the main and preferably largerof the two rolls, mounted by shaft 2 .in suitable supporting bearings 3,shaft 2 being driven in the direction indicated by a pulley P or othersuitable driving means. The coacting roll B is journalled by its shaft 4in a radially slidable block 5 mounted in a suitable receiving housingin the outer end of swinging arms 6. Adjusting liners 5a or othersuitable means may be utilized for correct spacing between the rolls.

Said arms are pivoted on the shaft 2 for annular motion of roll B withrelation to the periphery of roll A, and are suitably connected, as by aterminal yoke I. A cushion spring 8 is interposed between the yoke 1 andsliding block 5, of suflicient extent of resiliency and compression toadmit outward movement of shaft 4 under excess re-action of the materialin passing between the rolls. It is also desirable to allow for suchcushioning resistance and resulting opening between the rolls to permitthe passage of any foreign material, as pieces of iron, etc. Withoutdamage to the rolls.

Arms 6 as shown are normally mounted in an inclined position whereby tolocate the normal position of roll B at or about the relation to roll Aas shown, at a point between its horizontal and vertical planes, forbest results in practice.

By such arrangement, material delivered on the 'top of the main roll Awill be carried towards the co-acting roll B in the manner of a conveyoron an annularly lowering angle, arriving at the crushing point above thehorizontal center of the main roll.

The arms 6 are normally held in such approximate or normal position byresilient elements, as tension springs 9, 9, or the like, engaging theterminal eye In of yoke 1 or otherwise attached to arms 6. They areoppositely connected to any suitable adjusting device, as an eye bar orrod ll mounted in any suitable support l2 and provided with adjustingnuts l3 or the like.

By such means the tension on the arms may be adjusted to vary theposition of roll B, and. also to control the re-action effect of eachspring 9, within considerable range and under control of the operator.

Roll A is preferably provided with outer flanges a of considerable depthwhereby to provide between them for reception of the raw material, in

the nature of a traveling trough. Roll B as shown extends inwardlybetween flanges a, to a considerable extent, providing a laterallyclosed working zone, variable by the material itself and the resilientmounting of the smaller roll.

Raw material, as cinders, including the hard clinkers, is distributed tothe upper surface of roll A between its flanges from a storage hopper l4preferably having an adjustable outlet gate l5 controlling the supply. Ialso preferably utilize a reciprocable pusher l6 movable forwardly andbackwardly by an actuating rod I1 over the surface of a fioor or bottoml8, as will be readily understood.

By such construction the feed of the raw material to the upper surfaceof roll A may be accurately controlled and regulated so as to provide aforwardly and downwardly moving mass of lumps, in the nature of aconveyor. When these approach the bite of the rolls, reduction iseffected by their co-operation, the crushed material passing downwardlyto any suitable receiving hopper, conveyor or screen, or additionalcrusher, as indicated in Fig. 1.

In the event of a larger or very hard piece or pieces of material, asclinker, tending to fail to pass between the rolls and to cause jammingor interfering obstruction, the resilient mounting of the roll bearings,as springs 8 and 9, permit a degree of outward movement of roll B andits additional annular swinging movement.

By either of such movements, or both combined, roll B'automaticallyeffects a disturbing or shiftingaction of the interfering piece, causingit to become dislodged and change. its position, offering new surfacesfor attack by the rolls, the effect of which action is to overcome thecontinuous lodgment and interference and resulting in its gradualreduction.

Ordinarily, the crushing operation will continue without any suchinterruption, dependent on the strength and design of the rolls, but byconstructing them in the manner shown and as above described, theinterference and delay is temporary only, permitting the operation tocontinue regularly and speedily.

While as stated the rolls may be both smooth, or both corrugated, or oneof each kind, and.the invention is not necessarily limited to theparticular face configuration of either roll, I prefer to provide theperiphery of roll A with spaced abutments, ridges or corrugations l9, asindicated, for effective operation.

In receiving the raw material at its upper portion, such transverse ribsnot only act as forwardly feeding abutments, but tend to positivelycarry the various pieces toward and into the nip of the rolls, duringoperation. While roll B may, under some circumstances, be mounted merelyas an idler roll, it is preferably positively driven by any suitablemeans, as a belt, chain, or motor M, as illustrated in Fig. 1.

In each case the co-acting roll B positively rotates in the directionopposite to roll A, and when driven by any applied means, may be at aslower, the same, or faster peripheral speed than that of the main roll,dependent on the material being operated on and its condition and thedesired resulting degree of reduction.

Fig. 2 illustrates the action of the rolls when an abnormally large andhard piece C, as a clinker, becomes temporarily lodged between them,whereupon roll B may be forced outwardly against reaction of springs 8and may also be caused to swing annularly under re-acting control ofsprings 9, as indicated in dotted lines. Such limited relative movementtends to disturb and change the position of the lump, relieving it ofits obstructing interference, and to constantly present a varied facecontact to the roll surfaces. Such action eventually effects gradualcrushing of the lump or lumps in progress, reducing them to the desiredsize in passing between the rolls and away therefrom.

Fig. 3 illustrates diagrammatically the application of an initialco-acting roll B and a supplemental similar roll B.

In such case each of said rolls may be mounted in a single swingingframe, each side having the resiliently mounted journal blocks 5, withcompensating springs 8 and 9, or may be mounted in pairs ofindependently acting arms 6 similarly equipped.

In such case the initially acting roll B may be normally spacedoutwardly from the active face of roll A for initial crushing, whileroll B may be normally located closer to the active face of roll A, forfinal finer crushing to the desired maximum sizes of the material, whendesired.

With either single or double construction as to such rolls, the crushingoperation is facilitated in overcoming the obstacles commonly present ina pair of ordinary side-by-side crushing rolls, overcoming theobstructive jamming and delay and effectually crushing the entirecontents of the supply hopper, which are commonly of variableconsistency, size and strength.

While I have shown one means of utilizing the invention, it will beobvious that it may be designed and constructed in any suitable mannerotherwise by the skilled mechanic or builder in different details orfeatures, and the invention is not limited to the precise constructionshown.

What I claim is:

1. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a maindriven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated faceprovided with an annular series of abrupt abutments facing in thedirection of roll rotation, a pair of annularly swinging arms journalledaxially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movablebearing, a co-acting smooth face roll journalled in said bearings,cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outwardmovement of the supported roll, means engaging said bearings to maintainthe periphery of the smooth face roll outwardly from contact with theabutments of the main roll, and oppositely disposed springs connectedwith the annularly swinging arms.

2. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a maindriven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated face andforwardly acting abutments, a pair of side by side annularly swingingarms journalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with aradially movable bearing, a co-acting roll journalled in said bearings,a driving motor therefor mounted on one of the swinging arms, cushioningsprings for said bearings providing for limited outward movefacing inthe direction of roll rotation, annular side flanges extending at eachside beyond said corrugated face, a pair 01 annularly swinging armsjournalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radiallymovable bearing, a coacting smooth face roll journalled in said bearingsand extending inwardly between the side flanges toward said corrugatedface, cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outwardmovement of the supported roll, means engaging said bearings to maintainthe periphery ef the smooth face roll outwardly from contact with theabutments of the main roll, and oppositely disposed springs connectedwith the annularly swinging arms.

4. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a maindriven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated faceprovided with an annular series of abrupt abutments facing in thedirection of roll rotation, annular side flanges extending at each sidebeyond said corrugated face, a pair of annularly swinging armsjournalled axially of the crushing roll each provided with a radiallymovable bearing, a co-acting smooth face roll journalled in saidbearings and extending inwardly between the side flanges toward saidcorrugated face, cushioning springs for said bearings providing forlimited outward movement of the supported roll, a series of spacingliners between each bearing and the supporting arm, and oppositelydisposed springs connected with the annularly swinging arms.

5. In a cinder crusher, the combination of a supporting frame, a maindriven crushing roll journalled therein having a corrugated faceprovided with an annular series of abrupt abutments facing in thedirection of roll rotation, a pair of annularly swinging arms journalledaxially of the crushing roll each provided with a radially movablebearing, a co-acting smooth face roll journalled in said bearings,cushioning springs for said bearings providing for limited outwardmovement of the supported roll, means engaging said bearings to maintainthe periphery of the smooth face r011 outwardly from contact with theabutments of the main r011, oppositely disposed springs connected withthe annularly swinging arms, and 20 a motor mounted on one of theswinging arms in driving connection with the co-acting roll.

FRANCIS J. STRAUB.

